Ankle & Foot Examination
Matles Test
The Matles Test compares resting foot position with the patient lying prone and the knees bent. Loss of resting plantarflexion on the symptomatic side…
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Special Tests
A focused reference for assessing movement and identifying useful clinical signs, organised by anatomical area.
Ankle & Foot Examination
External Rotation Stress Test
The External Rotation Stress Test is a manual orthopedic provocation test used during assessment of a suspected ankle syndesmosis injury, often called a high…
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Ankle & Foot Examination
Anterior Drawer Test of the Ankle
The Anterior Drawer Test of the Ankle assesses anterior laxity of the ankle during a manual examination. It can support the assessment of lateral…
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Wrist & Hand Examination
Gamekeeper Thumb Test
The Gamekeeper Thumb Test assesses stability at the thumb’s metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint when an ulnar collateral ligament injury is suspected. For clinical practice, the…
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Knee Examination
Thomas Test
The Thomas Test is a commonly used clinical assessment for identifying limited hip extension associated with hip flexion tightness or contracture. Its value lies…
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Knee Examination
McMurray Test
The McMurray Test is an orthopedic special test used during knee examination when a clinician suspects meniscal involvement. In physical therapy practice, it is…
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Knee Examination
Lachman Test
The Lachman Test is an orthopedic special test used during knee examination to assess anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur and,…
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Ankle & Foot Examination
Homans Sign
Homans Sign is a historical physical examination maneuver associated with assessment of suspected lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It describes calf discomfort produced during…
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